Dictionary of Gynaecology

Residual follicle

A term used to describe masses or structures remaining in the ovary following a stimulation process during assisted reproduction techniques. Diagnosis is generally carried out using ultrasound imaging.

Its origin is associated with:

The continued existence of a follicle(s) that did not ovulate.
The late development of a follicle that continued growing following stimulation.

Should ultrasound dimensions be above 3cm, it will be denominated residual cyst.

The treatment of a residual follicle may consist of:

a wait-and-see approach: consists of waiting until the next menstruation and checking to see if it has disappeared.
an active approach: consists of prescribing hormone contraception to block endogenous hormonal support and encourage the follicle to disappear.

The condition will persist only in a limited number of cases and, when this occurs, specialist gynaecological intervention is required.

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